50 Bài tập tổng hợp thì Quá khứ (có lời giải chi tiết)

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Bài viết Bài tập tổng hợp thì quá khứ chi tiết và bài tập thì quá khứ có lời giải giúp học sinh nắm vững cách sử dụng thì quá khứ trong tiếng Anh.

Lý thuyết Bài tập tổng hợp thì quá khứ

I. Quá khứ đơn (Past Simple)

1. Cách dùng:

a. Diễn tả hành động kết thúc trong quá khứ và có thời gian xác định.

- I went to Manchester last year. (Tôi đến thành Manchester vào năm ngoái.)

b. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra thường xuyên trong quá khứ và bây giờ không xảy ra nữa.

- When I was a child, I always forgot to do homework. (Khi còn nhỏ, tôi hay quên làm bài tập về nhà.)

c. Diễn tả hành động chen ngang vào hành động khác đang diễn ra ở quá khứ (dùng kết hợp với quá khứ tiếp diễn)

- When we were playing basketball, she ran across our field. (Khi chúng tôi đang chơi bóng rổ, cô ấy chạy ngang qua sân.)

2. Cấu trúc:

Đối với động từ to be:

- Câu khẳng định:

I/he/she/it + was + O.

You/we/they + were + O.

- Câu phủ định:

I/he/she/it + was not/wasn’t + O.

You/we/they + were not/weren’t + O.

- Câu nghi vấn:

Yes/No question: Was/Were + S + O?

Wh_ question: Wh_ + was/were + S + O?

Đối với động từ thường:

- Câu khẳng định: S + V-past + O.

- Câu phủ định: S + did not/didn’t + V + O.

- Câu nghi vấn:

Yes/No question: Did + S + V + O?

Wh_ question: Wh_ + did + S + V + O?

II. Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous)

1. Cách dùng:

a. Diễn tả hành động diễn ra tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ.

- She was having dinner at 7 p.m yesterday. (Cô ấy đang ăn cơm lúc 7 giờ tối qua.)

b. Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra thì có hành động khác xen vào (dùng kết hợp với quá khứ đơn).

- When I was swimming, it suddenly rained. (Khi tôi đang bơi thì trời đột nhiên mưa.)

c. Diễn tả hai hay nhiều hành động diễn ra song song trong quá khứ.

- She was playing games while he was watering their garden. (Khi cô ấy đang chơi game thì anh ấy đang tưới cây trong vườn.)

d. Diễn tả hành động diễn ra liên tục trong một khoảng thời gian ở quá khứ.

- I was sleeping all day yesterday. (Tôi ngủ cả ngày hôm qua.)

2. Cấu trúc:

- Câu khẳng định: S + was/were + V-ing + O.

- Câu phủ định: S + was/were + not + V-ing + O.

- Câu nghi vấn:

Yes/No question: Was/Were + S + V-ing + O?

Wh_ question: Wh_ + was/were + S + V-ing + O?

III. Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)

1. Cách dùng:

a. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và hoàn tất trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.

- He had had lunch before she came yesterday. (Anh ấy đã ăn trưa trước khi cô ấy đến ngày hôm qua.)

b. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.

- They had left before 8 o’clock that day. (Họ đã rời đi trước 8 giờ hôm đó.)

c. Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3 nhằm diễn tả điều kiện không có thực.

- If I had known, I would have come to see her. (Nếu tôi biết tôi đã đến thăm cô ấy.)

d. Dùng với “wish” để diễn tả ước muốn trong quá khứ.

- He wishes he had learned for the test. (Anh ta ước gì đã ôn luyện cho bài kiểm tra.)

2. Cấu trúc:

- Câu khẳng định: S + had + past participle (PII) +O.

- Câu phủ định: S + had not/hadn’t + PII + O.

- Câu nghi vấn:

Yes/No question: Had + S + PII + O?

Wh_ question: Wh_ + had + S + PII + O?

IV. Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Past Perfect Continuous)

1. Cách dùng:

a. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra liên tục trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ (nhấn mạnh thời gian dài).

- I had been waiting for hours when finally the bus arrived. (Tôi đã đợi hàng giờ trước khi xe buýt cuối cùng cũng đến.)

b. Nhấn mạnh hành động để lại kết quả trong quá khứ.

- She was sick because she had been playing in the rain last night. (Cô ấy ốm vì cô ấy đã chơi lâu dưới mưa vào tối qua.)

2. Cấu trúc:

- Câu khẳng định: S + had been + V-ing +O.

- Câu phủ định: S + had not/hadn’t + been + V-ing + O.

- Câu nghi vấn:

Yes/No question: Had + S + been + V-ing + O?

Wh_ question: Wh_ + had + S + been + V-ing + O?

Bài tập tổng hợp thì quá khứ

Phần II. Bài tập.

Task 1. Chọn đáp án đúng.

1. My brother and I ________ swimming almost every day last summer.

A went

B had been going

C were going

D had gone

2. We ________ when someone knocked at the door.

A talked

B had talked

C were talking

D were talked

3. When the robbery happened, the security guard ________!

A slept

B was sleeping

C had slept

D was slept

4. Jack ________ chess before so I showed him what to do.

A hadn’t been playing

B didn’t play

C wasn’t playing

D hadn’t played

5. I wasn’t sure how Belinda would react because I ________ her long.

    A didn’t know

B wasn’t knowing

C hadn’t been knowing

D hadn’t known

6. Ian ________ at the factory long when he was made a manager.

A hadn’t been working

B wasn’t working

C didn’t work

D wasn’t worked

7. I wanted to say goodbye to Jerry, but he ________.

A was already left

B already left

C had already been leaving

D had already left

8. When we got to the airport, I realised I ________ my passport at home!

A was left

B had left

C left

D had been leaving

Đáp án:

1. A

2. C

3. B

4. D

5. D

6. A

7. D

8. B

Task 2. Điền từ vào chỗ trống.

The night before

Jane lay awake. She had (1) _______ preparing for the next day (2) _______ a long time and now she couldn’t sleep. Her team (3) _______ playing the local champions at water polo in the final and Jane was the captain. She (4) _______ feeling the pressure.

She turned over and remembered how she (5) _______ learned to swim. Her father had taught her. They (6) _______ go to the local pool every day after school and her father (7) _______ to show her what to do. She hadn’t liked the water at first, but she soon (8) _______ used to it. She learned quickly and joined the water polo team. She had (9) _______ their youngest member!

She quickly got used to scoring goals and (10) _______ under pressure, but tomorrow was different. It was the biggest match of her life. She (11) _______ her eyes again and tried to get to sleep. ‘I used to have problems sleeping,’ she thought to herself. ‘But then again, I (12) _______ use to be the captain of the team.’ She watched the clock change slowly and knew that it was going to be a long night.

Đáp án:

1. been	2. for	3. was	4. was	5. had	6. would
7. used	8. got	9. been	10. playing	11. closed	12. didn’t

Task 3. Một động từ trong mỗi câu bị dùng sai thì. Tìm và sửa lại cho đúng thì.

1. I’ve been having a lot of problems with my computer recently and so I got a technician to come and have a look at it, but she has told me that it was because I wasn’t using it properly.

    ______________________________

2. It was a few days since I heard from Roger, but he left Russia last Monday and he was planning to arrive in China yesterday, so I called his mum to see if she had heard anything.

    ______________________________

3. Patricia and I were having a really good discussion when Jason suddenly appeared and decided that he wanted to join in, even though he has known absolutely nothing about what we were talking about.

    ______________________________

4. I had never been visiting a working prison before, so when the opportunity came up I was really eager to have a look around and I certainly wasn’t disappointed, although we weren’t actually allowed to see the area where the prisoners live.

    ______________________________

5. Charlie didn’t know what Callum had said to Imogen, but he could see immediately that she had been crying and he was putting his arm around her to comfort her, which made her feel a little better.

    ______________________________

6. Although there was no reason to doubt what Alex said, I had rung Rick to check and he told me that Alex had been right and the concert really had been cancelled because the lead singer had come down with flu.

    ______________________________

7. The year before, I had given Lisa a CD for her birthday, but this particular year I wanted to surprise her, so I went into town and I was looking round the shops when suddenly I had seen an old-fashioned hat, and it was her size, so I immediately bought it.

    ______________________________

8. Olivia was cycling to school, as she usually did on those days when her father was working and wasn’t able to drive her, when she was passing an old woman, who was waiting for the lights to change so that she could cross the road.

    ______________________________

Đáp án:

1. has told à told	2. It was à It has been
3. has known à knew	4. had never been visiting à had never visited
5. was putting à put	6. had rung à rang
7. had seen à saw	8. was passing à passed

Task 4. Tích ✔ nếu đúng hoặc sửa lại nếu sai.

The mobile phone

People (1) have been dreaming of having a personal means of communication for a long time. In the late 1960s, the idea (2) had seemed so far in the future that it (3) was included in the science fiction series, Star Trek. Since the 1980s, however, mobiles (4) became a part of everyday life. Although they (5) were initially seen as a status symbol for successful business people, mobile use (6) had spread to include practically everyone in the developed world, old and young alike.

The impact on social life (7) had been enormous. We have got used to the idea of having constantly changing social plans, where a quick phone call is all it takes to rearrange things. Before this was possible, there were many occasions when friends who (8) had arranged to meet completely (9) had missed each other because of a slight misunderstanding. People would often have to make very careful arrangements to be sure of meeting up.

As mobiles (10) have been becoming more popular, so they (11) have become more powerful. The large, unreliable mobile phone of the 1980s (12) has evolved into the small, stylish camera phone of today.

Đáp án:

1. ✔	2. seemed	3. ✔	4. have become
5. ✔	6. has spread	7. has been	8. ✔
9. missed	10. have become	11. ✔	12. ✔

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