Thì Hiện tại đơn trong Tiếng Anh đầy đủ, chi tiết



1. Khái niệm Thì hiện tại đơn

Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để diễn tả những sự việc lặp đi lặp lại như một thói quen, sở thích, một chân lý, hoặc thời gian biểu, kế hoạch, dự đoán.

2. Cách dùng Thì hiện tại đơn

Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để diễn tả:

a. Hành động lặp đi lặp lại như một thói quen

Eg: I go to school by bike everyday. (Tôi đạp xe đi học mỗi ngày.)

b. Sự thật hiển nhiên (chân lý)

Eg: The Earth moves around the Sun. (Trái Đất quay quanh Mặt Trời.)

c. Thời gian biểu, kế hoạch, dự đoán

Eg: The train leaves at 9.00. (Chuyến tàu rời đi lúc 9h.)

d. Khả năng của ai đó

Eg: She can speak English very well. (Cô ấy có thể nói tiếng Anh rất tốt.)

e. Nhận thức, cảm giác, tình trạng

Eg: Mary doesn’t like music. (Mary không thích nhạc.)

3. Cấu trúc Thì hiện tại đơn

(+) Khẳng định

Động từ “to be” Động từ thường

I + am + ……

Eg: I am a pupil. (Tôi là một học sinh.)

I + V nguyên thể + ……

Eg: I like ice-cream. (Tôi thích kem.)

You/ We/ They + are + …

Eg: They are tall. (Họ thì cao.)

You/ We/ They + V nguyên thể

Eg:We go to the cinema at weekend.

(Chúng tôi đi xem phim ở rạp vào cuối tuần.)

She/He/ It + is + ……

Eg: She is a nurse. (Cô ấy là một y tá.)

She/ He/ It + Vs/es

Eg: He gets up at 6 o’clock every morning.

(Cậu ấy thức dậy lúc 6h mỗi sáng.)

(-) Phủ định

Động từ “to be” Động từ thường

I + am not ('m not) + ……

Eg: I am not an engineer.

(Tôi không phải là kĩ sư.)

I/ You/ We/ They + do not (don’t) + V nguyên thể

Eg: We don’t live far away.

(Chúng tôi sống không xe đây lắm.)

You/ We/ They + are not (aren’t) + …

Eg: You aren’t my classmates.

(Các bạn không phải bạn cùng lớp của mình.)

She/ He/ It + is not (isn’t) + ……

Eg: It is not a ruler.

(Nó không phải cái thước kẻ.)

She/ He/ It + does not (doesn’t) + V nguyên thể

Eg: She doesn’t like him.

(Cô ấy không thích cậu ta.)

(?) Nghi vấn

Động từ “to be” Động từ thường

(Từ để hỏi) + am + I?

Eg: Who am I? (Tôi là ai?)

(Từ để hỏi) + do + I/ you/ we/ they + V nguyên thể?

Eg: Do you live here? (Bạn sống ở đây à?)

(Từ để hỏi) + is + she/ he/ it?

Eg: Is he your boyfriend?

(Cậu ấy có phải bạn trai cậu không?)

(Từ để hỏi) + are + you/ we/ they?

Eg: Are you a student?

(Bạn có phải là học sinh không?)

(Từ để hỏi) + does + he/ she/ it + V nguyên thể?

Eg: What does he do? (Cậu ấy làm gì?)

4. Cách thêm s/es vào động từ Thì hiện tại đơn

Động từ nguyên thể Cách chuyển Ví dụ
Động từ kết thúc tận cùng: o, ch, sh, s, x Thêm “es”

Watch – watches (xem)

Kiss – kisses (hôn)

Động từ còn lại Thêm “-s”

Look – looks (nhìn)

Visit – visits (thăm)

5. Cách phát âm động từ đuôi “s/es”

Đọc là /iz/ khi động từ kết thúc là: ch, sh, s, x Watches /wɒtʃiz/
Đọc là /s/ khi động từ kết thúc là: k, p, t Picks /pɪks/
Đọc là /z/ với các động từ còn lại. Runs /rʌns/

7. Bài tập Thì hiện tại đơn

Exericse 1. Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại đơn.

0. She (not/like) doesn’t like watching TV.

1. Water (boil)………… at 100 0 C.

2. Nam usually (get)………… up at 6.00?

3. What you often (have)…………… for lunch?

4. She’ very clever. She (speak)…………… 4 languages.

5. Steve (smoke)………… ten cigarettes a day.

6. An insect (have)………… six legs.

7. She often (visit)………… you at weekend?

8. Mary (wash)………… her teeth twice a day.

9. You often (watch)…………… film in the evening?

10. Mary (swim)………… very well?

1. boils 6. has
2. gets 7. has
3. do ….. have 8. washes
4. speaks 9. Do …. watch
5. smokes 10. Does ….. swim

Exercise 2. Điền trợ động từ ở dạng phủ định.

0. I don’t live near my school.

1. I ……… like tea.

2. He ……… play football in the afternoon.

3. You ……… go to bed at midnight.

4. They………do the homework on weekends.

5. The bus ………arrive at 8.30 a.m.

6. My brother ………finish work at 8 p.m.

7. Our friends ……… live in a big house.

8. The cat ……… like me.

1. don’t 6. doesn’t
2. doesn’t 7. don’t
3. don’t 8. doesn’t
4. don’t 9. doesn’t
5. doesn’t 10. doesn’t

Exercise 3. Chọn dạng đúng của từ.

0. Maria is a teacher. She teach/ teaches students.

1. Police catch/ catches robbers.

2. My dad is a driver. He always wear/ wears a white coat.

3. They never drink/ drinks beer.

4. Lucy go/ goes window-shopping seven times a month.

5. She have/ has a pen.

6. Mary and Marcus eat out/ eats out everyday.

7. Mark usually watch/ watches TV before going to bed.

1. catches 5. has
2. wears 6. eat out
3. drink 7. watches
4. goes

Execise 4. Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.

0. My little sister (drink) drinks milk everyday.

1. She (not/like) watching T.V.

2. She (get) at 6. o’clock, and (go) to school at 7 o’clock.

3. He (not/ usually/ drive) to work. He usually (walk).

4. Kangaroo (see) everywhere in Australia.

5. My father (drink) coffee every morning.

6. At Christmas, people often (decorate) a tree.

7. It (not rain) in the dry season.

8. Nam often (visit) you on Sunday? - No. He (visit) me on Saturday.

9. What time she (finish) work everyday? - She (finish) it at 16.00.

10. My mother (take) Jim to the dentist many times.

1. doesn’t like 6. decorate
2. gets – goes 7. doesn’t rain
3. doesn’t usually drive – walks 9. does ….. finish – finishes
4. is seen 9. doesn’t
5. drinks 10. takes

Exercise 5. Viết lại thành câu hoàn chỉnh.

0. They/ wear suits to work? => Do they wear suits to work?

1. she/ not/ sleep late on weekends

…………………………………………………………………

2. we/ not/ believe/ ghost

…………………………………………………………………

3. you/ understand the question?

…………………………………………………………………

4. they/ not/ work late on Fridays

…………………………………………………………………

5. David/ want some coffee?

…………………………………………………………………

1. She doesn’t sleep late on weekends.

2. We don’t believe in ghost.

3. Do you understand the question?

4. They don’t work late on Fridays.

5. Does David want some coffee?

Exercise 6. Hoàn thành đoạn văn

Mai (0. tobe) is a good doctor. She (1. work) __________ at Bach Mai hospital in Hanoi. The patient (2. love) __________ her because she (3. tobe) _________ very helpful. She often (4. get) _________ up early at 6.00 and (5. drive) __________ car to work with her husband. Sometimes, Mai (6. come) __________ back home at 5 p.m. Then, she (7. prepare) __________ the meal for her family. In her free time, she (8. meet) __________ her best friends and (9. chat) ___________ with them. on Sundays, her family (10. visit) ___________ her grandparents.

1. works 6. comes
2. loves 7. prepares
3. is 8. meets
4. gets 9. chats
5. drives 10. visits

Bài tập bổ sung

Exercise 1. Put the correct form of the verbs.

1. My friend __________ (live) in London.

2. They __________ (study) English at the university.

3. We __________ (play) football every weekend.

4. She usually __________ (go) to the gym after work.

5. The cat __________ (sleep) on the sofa.

6. He __________ (like) to eat pizza.

7. I __________ (watch) a movie right now.

8. They __________ (travel) to different countries every year.

9. We __________ (have) lunch at 12 o’clock.

10. She __________ (read) a book in the park.

11. He __________ (work) as a teacher.

12. The train __________ (arrive) at 8 a.m.

13. We __________ (drink) coffee in the morning.

14. They __________ (play) the guitar very well.

15. She __________ (teach) English at the language center.

16. She __________ (study) hard so that she can get into a top university.

17. We __________ (travel) to different countries every summer.

18. The company __________ (develop) innovative products to stay ahead in the market.

19. He __________ (work) tirelessly to achieve his goals.

20. I __________ (work) as a Marketing editor in AHK company.

Đáp án:

1. lives

2. study

3. play

4. goes

5. sleeps

6. likes

7. watch

8. travel

9. have

10. reads

11. works

12. arrives

13. drink

14. play

15. teaches

16. teaches

17. travel

18. develops

19. works

20. work

Exercise 2. Put the correct form of the verbs.

1. Sarah ___________ (go/goes) to the gym every day.

2. The students ___________ (study/studies) hard for the exam.

3. My parents ___________ (watch/watches) movies on weekends.

4. He ___________ (plays/play) basketball every Saturday.

5. She usually ___________ (eat/eats) dinner at 7 p.m.

6. They ___________ (visit/visits) their grandparents once a month.

7. Peter ___________ (work/works) as a doctor.

8. We ___________ (like/likes) to travel to new places.

9. The dog ___________ (barks/bark) at strangers.

10. He ___________ (drinks/drink) coffee in the morning.

Đáp án:

1. goes

2. study

3. watch

4. plays

5. eats

6. visit

7. works

8. like

9. barks

10. drinks

Exercise 3. Rewrite the following sentences in negative form.

1. They always go to the beach in the summer.

2. She often visits her grandparents on Sundays.

3. We usually have breakfast at home.

4. He sometimes plays guitar at parties.

5. I often read books before going to bed.

Đáp án:

1. They don’t always go to the beach in the summer.

2. She doesn’t often visit her grandparents on Sundays.

3. We don’t usually have breakfast at home.

4. He doesn’t sometimes play guitar at parties.

5. I don’t often read books before going to bed.

Exercise 4. Rewrite the following sentences as questions.

1. She lives in New York.

2. They speak French fluently.

3. We play soccer every weekend.

4. He works as a doctor.

5. The train arrives at 9 a.m.

Đáp án:

1. Does she live in New York?

2. Do they speak French fluently?

3. Do we play soccer every weekend?

4. Does he work as a doctor?

5. Does the train arrive at 9 a.m.?

Xem thêm các bài viết Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh cực hay với đầy đủ bài tập có đáp án chi tiết khác: