So sánh không bằng dễ hiểu nhất (bài tập có giải)

A. Ví dụ so sánh không bằng

Bạn theo dõi ví dụ sau:

- Shirley, Henry and Arthur are all millionaires. They are all very rich. Shirley has £10 million, Henry has £8 million and Arthur has £2 million. So:

(Shirley, Henry và Arthur đều là triệu phú. Họ rất giàu có. Shirley có 10 triệu, Henry có 8 triệu và Arthur có 12 triệu. Cho nên:)

- Henry is rich. (Henry rất giàu.)

- He is richer than Arthur. (Ông ta giàu hơn Arthur.)

- But he isn't as rich as Shirley. (= Shirley is richer than he is)

(Nhưng ông ta không giàu bằng Shirley)

Dưới đây là vài ví dụ khác về not as... (as):

- Tom isn't as old as he looks. (= he looks older than he is)

(Tom không lớn tuổi như vẻ bên ngoài đâu.)

- The city centre wasn't as crowded this morning as it usually is.

(= it is usually more crowded)

(Sáng nay ở trung tâm thành phố không đông đúc như mọi khi.)

- Jenny didn't do as well in the exam as she had hoped.

(= she had hoped to do better)

(Jenny làm bài kiểm tra không được tốt như cô ấy từng hy vọng.)

- "The weather is better today, isn't it?" "Yes, it's not as cold."

(= yesterday was colder)

("Hôm nay thời tiết tốt hơn phải không?" "Vâng, trời không lạnh lắm.")

- I don't know as many people as you do. (= you know more people)

(Tôi không biết nhiều người như anh.)

Bạn cũng có thể nói not so...(as):

- It's not warm but it isn't so cold as yesterday.

(= ...it isn't as cold as...)

(Trời không ấm nhưng cũng không lạnh như hôm qua.)

Less...(than) là tương tự như not as...(as):

- I spent less money than you. (= I didn't spend as much money...)

(Tôi đã tiêu tiền ít hơn bạn.)

- The city centre was less crowded than usual. (= it wasn't as crowded...)

(Trung tâm thành phố không nhộn nhịp như thường lệ.)

B. as...as và twice as...as

Bạn có thể dùng as... as (nhưng không nói so... as) trong câu khẳng định và câu hỏi:

- I'm sorry I'm late. I got here as fast as I could.

(Xin lỗi tôi đến muộn. Tôi đã gắng hết sức đến đây thật nhanh.)

- There's plenty of food. You can have as much as you like.

(Có rất nhiiều thức ăn. Bạn có thể ăn thỏa thích.)

- Let's walk. It's just as quick as taking the bus.

(Mình đi bộ thôi. Cũng nhanh như đi xe buýt thôi mà.)

- Can you send me the money as soon as possible, please?

(Bạn có thể gởi tiền cho tôi thật sớm được không?)

Cũng có thể nói: twice as... as, three times as... as ...:

- Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.

(Xăng đắt gấp hai lần so với trước đây mấy năm.)

- Their house is about three times as big as ours.

(Ngôi nhà của họ lớn khoảng gấp ba lần nhà của chúng tôi.)

C. Cách sử dụng the same as ...

Một cách diễn đạt khác của so sánh bằng là the same as (không nói 'the same like'):

- Ann's salary is the same as mine. Hay Ann gets the same salary as me.

(Lương của Ann bằng lương của tôi.)

- Tom is the same age as Goerge.

(Tom bằng tuổi Goerge.)

- "What would you like to drink?" "I'll have the same as you."

("Bạn muốn uống gì?" "Mình sẽ uống như bạn.")

D. Đại từ sau than/as: than me/than I am ...

Ta thường nói:

- You are taller than me. (Không nói 'than I')

(Bạn cao hơn tôi.)

- He is not clever as her. (không nói 'as she')

(Anh ta không thông minh được như cô ấy.)

Sau than/as ta dùng me/ him/ her/ them/ us khi không có động từ. Hãy so sánh:

- You are taller than I am. >< You are taller than me.

(Bạn cao hơn tôi.)

- They have more money than we have. >< They have more money than us.

(Họ có nhiều tiền hơn chúng tôi.)

- I can't run as fast as he can. >< I can't run as fast as him.

(Tôi không thể chạy nhanh như anh ấy.)

Bài tập

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with “as…as”.

1. A lemon is _______ an orange. (not sweet)

2. A donkey is _______ a horse. (not big)

3. The weather is _______ yesterday. (not cold)

4. My volleyball team is not still _______ it was three years ago. (good)

5. America is _______ China. (not big)

6. A turtle is _______ a rabbit. (not fast)

7. Ha Noi is _______ Nghe An. (not hot)

8. Kim doesn’t work _______ Tuan. (hard)

9. Phuong _______ Dan. (not young)

10. The tiger doesn’t run _______ the lion. (not fast)

Đáp án:

1. not as sweet as	6. not as fast as
2. not as big as	7. not as hot as
3. not as cold as	8. as hard as
4. as good as	9. isn’t as young as
5. not as big as	10. as fast as

Exercise 2. Rewrite the sentences using “not as…as”.

1. Sam did not do well in the English test. Julia did better in the English test. (do/well)

→ Sam __________________________________________

2. The impala runs 90km per hour. The cheetah runs 120km per hour. (run/fast)

→ The impala _____________________________________

3. Roubaix is not very beautiful. Lyon is more beautiful. (is/beautiful)

→ Roubaix _______________________________________

4. Paul is not very patient. Claire is more patient. (is/patient)

→ Paul __________________________________________

5. Kevin talks very quietly. Tom talks more loudly. (talk/loudly)

→ Kevin ________________________________________

6. His wage is high, but mine is higher. (is/high)

→ His wage ______________________________________

7. She knows them better than he does. (know/well)

→ He doesn't _____________________________________

8. The boy has lived here for quite a long time, but they’ve lived here longer. (live/long)

→ The boy _______________________________________

9. My house is bigger than your house. (is/big)

→ Your house is __________________________________

10. This film is more interesting than that one. (is/interesting)

→ That film is ____________________________________

Đáp án:

1. Sam did not do as well as Julia.

2. The impala does not run as fast as the cheetah.

3. Roubaix is not as beautiful as Lyon.

4. Paul is not as patient as Claire.

5. Kevin does not talk as loudly as Tom.

6. His wage isn’t as high as mine.

7. He doesn't know them as well as she does.

8. The boy hasn't lived here as long as they have.

9. Your house is not as big as my house.

10. That film is not as interesting as this one.

Bài tập so sánh bằng và so sánh không bằng

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