Thì tương lai đơn trong tiếng Anh

Bài viết Thì tương lai đơn gồm ngữ pháp Thì tương lai đơn chi tiết và bài tập Thì tương lai đơn có lời giải giúp học sinh nắm vững cách sử dụng Thì tương lai đơn trong tiếng Anh.

Lý thuyết Thì tương lai đơn

A. Thì tương lai đơn trong tiếng Anh

Thì tương lai (Future Tense) được sử dụng để nói về các sự việc diễn ra trong tương lai.

Chúng ta sử dụng will hoặc shall để thành lập thì tương lai.

- Dùng will với tất cả các ngôi.

- Riêng ngôi thứ nhất có thể dùng will hay shall đều được, đặc biệt phải dùng shall với câu hỏi.

- will và shall được dịch là sẽ.

- Khi viết ở thể phủ định thêm not sau will hoặc shall.

- Khi viết ở thể nghi vấn chuyển will/shall lên trước chủ từ.

- will/shall thường được viết tắt thành 'll.

- will not được viết tắt thành won't.

- shall not được viết tắt thành shan't.

Ví dụ:

- I'll help you to do it.

Tôi sẽ giúp anh làm điều đó.

- Doesn't your car start? I'll repair it.

(Xe anh không nổ máy được à? Tôi sẽ sửa nó.)

B. Cách sử dụng thì tương lai đơn trong tiếng Anh

Chúng ta dùng will/shall khi quyết định làm điều gì vào thời điểm nói hoặc thường dùng trong các tình huống tỏ ý muốn làm điều gì, đồng ý hay từ chối làm điều gì, hoặc hứa hẹn điều gì.

Ví dụ:

- That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it.

(Cái bị đó trông nặng đấy. Tôi sẽ giúp anh.)

- I'll lend you my book.

(Tôi sẽ cho anh mượn quyển sách của tôi.)

Câu hỏi với will/shall thường ngụ ý yêu cầu điều gì đó:

- Will you shut the door, please?

(Anh làm ơn đóng dùm cánh cửa được không?)

- Will you please be quiet? I'm studying.

(Anh có vui lòng im lặng không? Tôi đang học.)

- What shall I do?

(Tôi sẽ làm gì đây?)

- Where shall we go this evening?

(Chiều nay chúng ta sẽ đi đâu?)

C. Cấu trúc tương lai đơn

Khẳng định (+)

Phủ định (-)

Nghi vấn (?)

S + will + V(nguyên thể)

Ví dụ:

I will help her take care of her children tomorrow morning.

(Tôi sẽ giúp cô ấy trông bọn trẻ vào sáng mai.)

S + will not + V(nguyên thể)

Ví dụ:

I won’t tell her the truth. (Tôi sẽ không nói với cô ấy sự thật.)

- Will + S + V(nguyên thể)

- Yes, S + will./ No, S + won’t.

Ví dụ:

- Will you come here tomorrow? (Bạn sẽ đến đây vào ngày mai chứ?)

- Yes, I will.

D. Dấu hiệu nhận biết tương lai đơn

Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai:

– in + thời gian: trong … nữa (in 2 minutes: trong 2 phút nữa)

– tomorrow: ngày mai

– Next day: ngày hôm tới

– Next week/ next month/ next year: Tuần tới/ tháng tới/ năm tới

Trong câu có những động từ chỉ quan điểm như:

– think/ believe/ suppose/ …: nghĩ/ tin/ cho là

– perhaps, probably: có lẽ

Bài tập Thì tương lai đơn

Task 1. Điền dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:

1. Tomorrow it __________ (rain) on the south coast.

2. Hey John! Wait a minute. I __________ (walk) with you.

3. Lots of accidents __________ (happen) in that weather.

4. I think you __________ (get) this job.

5. I __________ (be) there at four o’clock, I promise.

6. A: “I’m moving house tomorrow.” - B: “I __________ (come) and help you.”

7. A: “I’m cold.” - B: “I __________ (turn) on the fire.”

8. A: “______ you ______ the windows for me? - B: “Yes, I will.”

Đáp án:

1. will rain	2. will walk	3. will happen	4. will get
5. will be	6. will come	7. will turn	8. Will you open

Task 2. Điền dạng đúng của các cặp chủ ngữ - động từ cho sẵn:

it/ be she/ come you/ get you/ like

people/ live it/ look we/ meet you/ pass

1. Don’t worry about your exam. I’m sure __________.

2. Why don’t you try on this jacket? __________ nice on you.

3. You must meet Daniel sometime. I think __________ him.

4. It’s raining. Don’t go out. __________ wet.

5. Do you think __________ longer in the future?

6. Bye! I’m sure __________ again before long.

7. I’ve invited Anna to the party, but I don’t think __________.

8. It takes me an hour to get to work at the moment, but when the new road is finished, __________ much quicker.

Đáp án:

1. you’ll pass	2. It’ll look	3. you’ll like	4. You’ll get
5. people will live	6. we’ll meet	7. she’ll come	8. it’ll be

Task 3. Dùng từ gợi ý viết câu hoàn chỉnh:

1 .You/ think/ it/ rain/ tomorrow?

⮚ _____________________________________________

2. She/ be/ successful/ businesswoman/ 3 years.

⮚ _____________________________________________

3. I/ wonder/ who/ come/ party/ tonight.

⮚ _____________________________________________

4. You/ not/ carry/ luggage/ yourself. I/ help/ you.

⮚ _____________________________________________

5. I/ think/ Lucy/ get/ job/ because/ have/ lot of/ experience.

⮚ _____________________________________________

6. Not/ be/ afraid/ dog. It/ not/ hurt/ you.

⮚ _____________________________________________

7. I/ be/ sorry/ what/ happen/ yesterday. It/ not/ happen/ again.

⮚ _____________________________________________

8. I/ not/ want/ go out/ alone. You/ come/ with me?

⮚ _____________________________________________

Đáp án:

1. Do you think it will rain tomorrow?

2. She will be a successful businesswoman in 3 years.

3. I wonder who will come to the party tonight.

4. You cannot carry this luggage yourself. I will help you.

5. I think Lucy will get the job because she has a lot of experience.

6. Don’t be afraid of the dog. It will not/ won’t hurt you.

7. I am sorry about what happened yesterday. It will not/ won’t happen again.

8. I don’t want to go out alone. Will you come with me?

Task 4. Điền dạng đúng của động từ.

1. He __________ (start) his new job next month.

2. He __________ (probably, forget) his keys again.

3. They __________ (likely, win) the game tonight.

4. I __________ (call) you back in a few minutes.

5. By putting all my items in the bag today, I __________ (not forget) to bring my passport tomorrow.

6. Sorry, we __________ (not able) to attend the party if the weather is not favorable.

7. I __________ (take) the train to the city tomorrow since my bike broke down this morning.

8. The plane is delayed for one hour so they __________ (likely, arrive) at the airport late.

9. They __________ (plant) a garden in the spring.

10. He __________ (contact) you later this evening.

Đáp án:

1. will start	2. will probably forget	3. will likely win	4. will call
5. will not forget	6. will not be able	7. will take	8. will likely arrive
9. will plant	10. will contact

Task 5. Dịch sang tiếng Anh.

1. Anh trai tôi sẽ tốt nghiệp đại học trong 2 năm nữa.

⮚ ________________________________________

2. Tôi nghĩ là tôi sẽ không đi biển cuối tuần sau.

⮚ ________________________________________

3. Khi nào họ sẽ bắt đầu xây dựng cầu mới?

⮚ ________________________________________

4. Tôi mong họ sẽ có thời gian vui vẻ ở buổi tiệc.

⮚ ________________________________________

5. Cô ấy sẽ gọi lại cho bạn trong vài phút nữa.

⮚ ________________________________________

Đáp án:

1. My brother will graduate from university in 2 years.

2. I think I won’t go to the beach next weekend.

3. When will they start to build a new bridge?

4. I hope they will have a good time at the party.

5. She will call you back in a few minutes.

Bài tập bổ sung

Exercise 1. Use the given words to write complete sentences.

1. He/ wish/ Bin/ come/party/ next week.

2. If/ she/ not/ learn/ very hard/,/she/not/ pass/ test.

3. Minh/ go/ the zoo/ next Sunday?

4. I/ believe/ Huynh/ recover/ illness/ soon.

5. They/ drink/ in the same restaurant/ next week.

Đáp án:

1. He wishes Bin will come to his party next week.

2. If she doesn’t learn very hard, she won’t pass the test.

3. Will Minh go to the zoo next Sunday?

4. I believe Huynh will recover from her illness soon.

5. They will drink in the same restaurant next week.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct form of the verb, given in brackets.

1. I _______ (work) in the garden all day long tomorrow.

2. I _______ (finish) the book by the evening.

3. While my mother is having her breakfast, I _______ (read) the newspaper.

4. He can’t come at two o’clock tomorrow because he _______ (work) at the time.

5. He _______ (write) the article by five o’clock.

6. He _______ (send) is a telegram as soon as the steamer arrives

7. I know for sure that I _______ (not go) out late at night.

8. They _______ (build) a bridge over that river.

9. Technology _______ (help) us build better houses.

10. The smart clock _______ (not start) because the battery is empty.

11. What _______ your dream house _______ (look) like?

12. In the future, houses _______ (be) more convenient.

13. He _______ (not surf) the Internet as regularly as he does now.

14. _______ Bailey _______ (move) to another city next year?

15. My mother _______ (not cook) because robots will help her.

16. We _______ (use) solar power as the main energy source.

Đáp án:

1. will work	9. will help
2. will finish	10. won’t start
3. will read	11. will your dream house look
4. will work	12. will be
5. will write	13. won’t surf
6. will send	14. Will Bailey move
7. won’t go	15. won’t cook
8. will build	16. will use

Exercise 3. Put the following verbs into the simple future tense.

1. We (do) __________ the housework together.

2. Next year (be) __________ very exciting.

3. People (invent) __________ new things.

4. I (be) __________ in Rome next week.

5. John (be) __________ very pleased.

6. Wait, I (do) __________ this.

7. We (catch) __________ him.

8. They (probably finish) __________ tomorrow.

9. You (find) __________ your bag.

10. Bonnie (like) __________ you.

11. It (be) __________ sunny tomorrow.

12. The winter (be) __________ especially cold.

13. The next game (be) __________ hard to win.

14. I (speak) __________ with him about you.

15. You (send) __________ Kate the pictures.

Đáp án:

1. will do	6. will do	11. will be
2. will be	7. will catch	12. will be
3. will invent	8. will probably finish	13. will be
4. will be	9. will find	14. will speak
5. will be	10. will like	15. will send

Exercise 4. Give the correct tense form of the verbs.

1. I (send) __________ you the information when I get it.

2. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) __________ Paris, Nice and Grenoble.

3. Sarah (come) __________ to the party. Oliver (be) __________ there as well.

4. I think he (be) __________ the next President of the United States.

5. As soon as the weather clears up, we (walk) __________ down to the beach and go swimming.

6. A: Excuse me, I need to talk to someone about our hotel room. I am afraid it is simply too small for four people.

B: That man at the service counter (help) __________ you.

7. Tomorrow after school, I (go) __________ to the beach.

8. When you (get) __________ off the plane, I (wait) __________ for you.

9. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we (wake) __________ up tomorrow morning, the sun (shine) __________.

10. If you (need) __________ to contact me sometime next week, I (stay) __________ at the Sheraton in San Francisco.

Đáp án:

1. will send	6. will help
2. will visit	7. will go
3. will come	8. get – will wait
4. will be	9. wake – will shine
5. will walk	10. need – will stay

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